PECB ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Implementer today updated questions

PECB Certified ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 Lead Implementer exam Questions and Answers

Question 1

Scenario 7: InfoSec, based in Boston, MA, is a multinational corporation offering professional electronics, gaming, and entertainment products. Following several information security incidents, InfoSec has decided to establish teams of experts and implement measures to prevent potential incidents in the future.

Emma, Bob, and Anna were hired as the new members of InfoSec's information security team, which consists of a security architecture team, an incident response team (IRT), and a forensics team. Emma’s job is to create information security plans, policies, protocols, and training to prepare InfoSec to respond to incidents effectively. Emma and Bob would be full-time employees of InfoSec, whereas Anna was contracted as an external consultant.

Bob, a network expert, will implement a screened subnet network architecture. This architecture will isolate the demilitarized zone (DMZ), to which hosted public services are attached, and InfoSec's publicly accessible resources from their private network. Thus, InfoSec will be able to block potential attackers from causing unwanted events inside the company's network. Bob is also responsible for ensuring a thorough evaluation of the nature of an unexpected event, including how the event happened and what or whom it might affect.

On the other hand, Anna will create records of the data, reviews, analyses, and reports to keep evidence for disciplinary and legal action and use them to prevent future incidents. To do the work accordingly, she should be aware of the company's information security incident management policy beforehand. Among others, this policy specifies the type of records to be created, the place where they should be kept, and the format and content that specific record types should have.

As part of InfoSec's initiative to strengthen information security measures, Anna will conduct information security risk assessments only when significant changes are proposed and will document the results of these risk assessments. Upon completion of the risk assessment process, Anna is responsible for developing and implementing a plan for treating information security risks and documenting the risk treatment results.

Furthermore, while implementing the communication plan for information security, InfoSec’s top management was responsible for creating a roadmap for new product development. This approach helps the company to align its security measures with the product development efforts, demonstrating a commitment to integrating security into every aspect of its business operations.

InfoSec uses a cloud service model that includes cloud-based apps accessed through the web or an application programming interface (API). All cloud services are provided by the cloud service provider, while data is managed by InfoSec. This introduces unique security considerations and becomes a primary focus for the information security team to ensure data and systems are protected in this environment.

Based on this scenario, answer the following question:

Is the responsibility of InfoSec’s top management appropriately established in implementing the communication plan for information security?

Options:

No, the top management is responsible for allocating resources for communication activities

Yes, the top management is responsible for creating a new product development roadmap as an activity during the communication plan implementation

No, the top management is responsible for communicating only technical specifications for products

Question 2

What is the purpose of an internal audit charter?

Options:

To outline how the organization benefits from internal audits, especially in achieving its objectives

To outline the assessment of collected audit evidence against predefined audit criteria

To outline the audit results, considering the audit objectives and all findings

Question 3

Scenario 10: ProEBank

ProEBank is an Austrian financial institution known for its comprehensive range of banking services. Headquartered in Vienna, it leaverages the city's advanced technological and financial ecosystem To enhance its security posture, ProEBank has implementied an information security management system (ISMS) based on the ISO/IEC 27001. After a year of having the ISMS in place, the company decided to apply for a certification audit to obtain certification against ISO/IEC 27001.

To prepare for the audit, the company first informed its employees for the audit and organized training sessions to prepare them. It also prepared documented information in advance, so that the documents would be ready when external auditors asked to review them Additionally, it determined which of its employees have the knowledge to help the external auditors understand and evaluate the processes.

During the planning phase for the audit, ProEBank reviewed the list of assigned auditors provided by the certification body. Upon reviewing the list, ProEBank identified a potential conflict of interest with one of the auditors, who had previously worked for ProEBank's mein competitor in the banking industry To ensure the integrity of the audit process. ProEBank refused to undergo the audit until a completely new audit team was assigned. In response, the certification body acknowledged the conflict of interest and made the necessary adjustments to ensure the impartiality of the audit team

After the resolution of this issue, the audit team assessed whether the ISMS met both the standard's requirements and the company's objectives. During this process, the audit team focused on reviewing documented information.

Three weeks later, the team conducted an on-site visit to the auditee’s location where they aimed to evaluate whether the ISMS conformed to the requirements of ISO/IEC 27001. was effectively implemented, and enabled the auditee to reach its information security objectives. After the on-site visit the team prepared the audit conclusions and notified the auditee that some minor nonconformities had been detected The audit team leader then issued a recommendation for certification.

After receiving the recommendation from the audit team leader, the certification body established a committee to make the decision for certification. The committee included one member from the audit team and two other experts working for the certification body.

To prepare for their ISO/IEC 27001 certification audit, ProEBank trained employees, prepared documentation, and identified key personnel to support the audit. However, they did not conduct a self-assessment before the audit.

Question:

Did ProEBank follow all of the best practices while preparing for the certification audit?

Options:

Yes – the company followed all of the best practices in preparation for the certification audit

No – the company should have also conducted a self-assessment to prepare for the audit

No – the company should not have informed its employees regarding the upcoming audit

Question 4

Which approach should organizations use to implement an ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001?

Options:

An approach that is suitable for organization's scope

Any approach that enables the ISMS implementation within the 12month period

Only the approach provided by the standard

Question 5

Which of the following statements is correct regarding the methodology for managing the implementation of an ISMS?

Options:

Organizations must strictly follow a specific methodology to meet the minimum requirements

The sequence of steps must remain fixed throughout the ISMS implementation

Organizations can adapt the methodology to their specific context, and steps can be modified as needed

Question 6

Scenario 10: CircuitLinking is a company specializing in water purification solutions, designing and manufacturing efficient filtration and treatment systems for both residential and commercial applications. Over the past two years, the company has actively implemented an integrated management system (IMS) that aligns with both ISO/IEC 27001 for information security and ISO 9001 for quality management. Recently, the company has applied for a combined audit to achieve certification against both ISO/IEC 27001 and ISO 9001.

In preparation, CircuitLinking ensured a clear understanding of ISO/IEC 27001, identified subject-matter experts, allocated resources, and gathered documentation to provide evidence of effective procedures. After passing Stage 1 (focused on verifying the design), Stage 2 was conducted to examine implementation and effectiveness. An auditor with a potential conflict of interest was replaced at the company’s request. The audit process continued, and the company was awarded certification.

During a later recertification audit, significant changes to the management system triggered a Stage 1 assessment to evaluate the impact.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

During the Stage 1 audit, the auditor assessed the design of CircuitLinking's management system. Is this approach recommended?

Options:

Yes, during the Stage 1 audit, the auditor should assess the design of the management system

No, during the Stage 1 audit, the auditor should assess the auditee's physical infrastructure

No, during the Stage 1 audit, the auditor should assess the effectiveness of the management system

Question 7

Which of the following practices Indicates that Company A has Implemented clock synchronization?

Options:

Logs that record activities and other relevant events are stored and analyzed

Information processing systems are coordinated according to an approved time source

Suspected information security events are reported in a timely manner through an appropriate channel

Question 8

Scenario 8: SunDee is an American biopharmaceutical company, headquartered in California, the US. It specializes in developing novel human therapeutics, with a focus on cardiovascular diseases, oncology, bone health, and inflammation. The company has had an information security management system (ISMS) based on SO/IEC 27001 in place for the past two years. However, it has not monitored or measured the performance and effectiveness of its ISMS and conducted management reviews regularly

Just before the recertification audit, the company decided to conduct an internal audit. It also asked most of their staff to compile the written individual reports of the past two years for their departments. This left the Production Department with less than the optimum workforce, which decreased the company's stock.

Tessa was SunDee's internal auditor. With multiple reports written by 50 different employees, the internal audit process took much longer than planned, was very inconsistent, and had no qualitative measures whatsoever Tessa concluded that SunDee must evaluate the performance of the ISMS adequately. She defined SunDee's negligence of ISMS performance evaluation as a major nonconformity, so she wrote a nonconformity report including the description of the nonconformity, the audit findings, and recommendations. Additionally, Tessa created a new plan which would enable SunDee to resolve these issues and presented it to the top management

Based on scenario 8. does SunDee comply with ISO/IEC 27001 requirements regarding the monitoring and measurement process?

Options:

Yes. because the standard does not Indicate when the monitoring and measurement phase should be performed

Yes, because the standard requires that the monitoring and measurement phase be conducted every two years

No, because even though the standard does not imply when such a process should be performed, the company must have a monitoring and measurement process in place

Question 9

Scenario 1:

HealthGenic is a leading multi-specialty healthcare organization providing patients with comprehensive medical services in Toronto, Canada. The organization relies heavily on a web-based medical software platform to monitor patient health, schedule appointments, generate customized medical reports, securely store patient data, and facilitate seamless communication among various stakeholders, including patients, physicians, and medical laboratory staff.

As the organization expanded its services and demand grew, frequent and prolonged service interruptions became more common, causing significant disruptions to patient care and administrative processes. As such, HealthGenic initiated a comprehensive risk analysis to assess the severity of risks it faced.

When comparing the risk analysis results with its risk criteria to determine whether the risk and its significance were acceptable or tolerable, HealthGenic noticed a critical gap in its capacity planning and infrastructure resilience. Recognizing the urgency of this issue, HealthGenic reached out to the software development company responsible for its platform. Utilizing its expertise in healthcare technology, data management, and compliance regulations, the software development company successfully resolved the service interruptions.

However, HealthGenic also uncovered unauthorized changes to user access controls. Consequently, some medical reports were altered, resulting in incomplete and inaccurate medical records. The company swiftly acknowledged and corrected the unintentional changes to user access controls. When analyzing the root cause of these changes, HealthGenic identified a vulnerability related to the segregation of duties within the IT department, which allowed individuals with system administration access also to manage user access controls. Therefore, HealthGenic decided to prioritize controls related to organizational structure, including segregation of duties, job rotations, job descriptions, and approval processes.

In response to the consequences of the service interruptions, the software development company revamped its infrastructure by adopting a scalable architecture hosted on a cloud platform, enabling dynamic resource allocation based on demand. Rigorous load testing and performance optimization were conducted to identify and address potential bottlenecks, ensuring the system could handle increased user loads seamlessly. Additionally, the company promptly assessed the unauthorized access and data alterations.

To ensure that all employees, including interns, are aware of the importance of data security and the proper handling of patient information, HealthGenic included controls tailored to specifically address employee training, management reviews, and internal audits. Additionally, given the sensitivity of patient data, HealthGenic implemented strict confidentiality measures, including robust authentication methods, such as multi-factor authentication.

In response to the challenges faced by HealthGenic, the organization recognized the vital importance of ensuring a secure cloud computing environment. It initiated a comprehensive self-assessment specifically tailored to evaluate and enhance the security of its cloud infrastructure and practices.

Based on scenario 1, what type of controls did HealthGenic decide to prioritize?

Options:

Technical controls

Administrative controls

Managerial controls

Question 10

Scenario 3: Socket Inc is a telecommunications company offering mainly wireless products and services. It uses MongoDB. a document model database that offers high availability, scalability, and flexibility.

Last month, Socket Inc. reported an information security incident. A group of hackers compromised its MongoDB database, because the database administrators did not change its default settings, leaving it without a password and publicly accessible.

Fortunately. Socket Inc. performed regular information backups in their MongoDB database, so no information was lost during the incident. In addition, a syslog server allowed Socket Inc. to centralize all logs in one server. The company found out that no persistent backdoor was placed and that the attack was not initiated from an employee inside the company by reviewing the event logs that record user faults and exceptions.

To prevent similar incidents in the future, Socket Inc. decided to use an access control system that grants access to authorized personnel only. The company also implemented a control in order to define and implement rules for the effective use of cryptography, including cryptographic key management, to protect the database from unauthorized access The implementation was based on all relevant agreements, legislation, and regulations, and the information classification scheme. To improve security and reduce the administrative efforts, network segregation using VPNs was proposed.

Lastly, Socket Inc. implemented a new system to maintain, collect, and analyze information related to information security threats, and integrate information security into project management.

Based on scenario 3. which information security control of Annex A of ISO/IEC 27001 did Socket Inc. implement by establishing a new system to maintain, collect, and analyze information related to information security threats?

Options:

Annex A 5.5 Contact with authorities

Annex A 5 7 Threat Intelligence

Annex A 5.13 Labeling of information

Question 11

Scenario 5: Operaze is a small software development company that develops applications for various companies around the world. Recently, the company conducted a risk assessment to assess the information security risks that could arise from operating in a digital landscape. Using different testing methods, including penetration Resting and code review, the company identified some issues in its ICT systems, including improper user permissions, misconfigured security settings, and insecure network configurations. To resolve these issues and enhance information security, Operaze decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001.

Considering that Operaze is a small company, the entire IT team was involved in the ISMS implementation project. Initially, the company analyzed the business requirements and the internal and external environment, identified its key processes and activities, and identified and analyzed the interested parties In addition, the top management of Operaze decided to Include most of the company's departments within the ISMS scope. The defined scope included the organizational and physical boundaries. The IT team drafted an information security policy and communicated it to all relevant interested parties In addition, other specific policies were developed to elaborate on security issues and the roles and responsibilities were assigned to all interested parties.

Following that, the HR manager claimed that the paperwork created by ISMS does not justify its value and the implementation of the ISMS should be canceled However, the top management determined that this claim was invalid and organized an awareness session to explain the benefits of the ISMS to all interested parties.

Operaze decided to migrate Its physical servers to their virtual servers on third-party infrastructure. The new cloud computing solution brought additional changes to the company Operaze's top management, on the other hand, aimed to not only implement an effective ISMS but also ensure the smooth running of the ISMS operations. In this situation, Operaze's top management concluded that the services of external experts were required to implement their information security strategies. The IT team, on the other hand, decided to initiate a change in the ISMS scope and implemented the required modifications to the processes of the company.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

What led Operaze to implement the ISMS?

Options:

Identification of vulnerabilities

Identification of threats

Identification of assets

Question 12

Scenario 9: OpenTech provides IT and communications services. It helps data communication enterprises and network operators become multi-service providers During an internal audit, its internal auditor, Tim, has identified nonconformities related to the monitoring procedures He identified and evaluated several system Invulnerabilities.

Tim found out that user IDs for systems and services that process sensitive information have been reused and the access control policy has not been followed After analyzing the root causes of this nonconformity, the ISMS project manager developed a list of possible actions to resolve the nonconformity. Then, the ISMS project manager analyzed the list and selected the activities that would allow the elimination of the root cause and the prevention of a similar situation in the future. These activities were included in an action plan The action plan, approved by the top management, was written as follows:

A new version of the access control policy will be established and new restrictions will be created to ensure that network access is effectively managed and monitored by the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Department

The approved action plan was implemented and all actions described in the plan were documented.

Based on scenario 9. did the ISMS project manager complete the corrective action process appropriately?

Options:

Yes, the corrective action process should include the identification of the nonconformity, situation analysis, and implementation of corrective actions

No, the corrective action did not address the root cause of the nonconformity

No, the corrective action process should also include the review of the implementation of the selected actions

Question 13

According to ISO/IEC 27000, which of the following best describes the possible scope of a management system?

Options:

It should cover the entire organization without exceptions

It can vary to include the entire organization or specific sections, depending on the needs

It is limited to IT infrastructure and cannot include non-technical departments

Question 14

Based on scenario 5, did Bytes meet the criteria when selecting the risk assessment methodology?

Scenario 5: Bytes iS a dynamic and innovative Company specializing in the design, manufacturing. and distribution Of hardware and software, with a focus On providing comprehensive network and supporting

services. It is headquartered in the vibrant tech hub of Lagos, Nigeria. It has a diverse and dedicated team, boasting a workforce of over 800 employees who are passionate about delivering cutting-edge solutions

to their Clients. Given the nati-jte Of its business. Bytes frequently handles sensitive data both internally and When collaborating With Clients and partners.

Recognizing the Challenges inherent in securely sharing data with clients. partners, and within its own internal operations. Bytes has implemented robust information security measures, They utilize a defined risk

assessment process, which enables them to assess and address potential threats and information security risks. This process ensures compliance with ISOflEC 27001 requirements, a critical aspect of Bytes'

operations.

Initially. Bytes identified both external and internal issues that are relevant to its purpose and that impact its ability to achieve the intended information security management System Outcomes, External issues

beyond the company'S control include factors Such as social and Cultural dynamics, political. legal. normative, and regulatory environments, financial and macroeconomic conditions. technological developments,

natural factors, and competitive pressures. Internal issues, which are within the organization's control, encompass aspects like the company's culture. its policies, objectives, and strategies; govetnance structures.

roles, and responsibilities: adopted standards and guidelines; contractual relationships that influence processes within the ISMS scope: processes and procedures resources and knowledge capabilities; physical

infrastructure information systems. information flows. and decisiorwnaking processes; as well as the results of previous audits and risk assessments. Bytes also focused on identifying the interested parties

relevant to the ISMS understanding their requirements, and determining which Of those requirements will be addressed by the ISMS

In pursuing a secure digital environment, Bytes leverages the latest technology, utilizing automated vulnerability scanning tools to identify known vulnerable services in their ICT systems. This proactive approach

ensures that potential weaknesses are swiftly addressed. bolstering their overall information security posture. In their comprehensive approach to information security, Bytes has identified and assessed various

risks. During this process, despite implementing the security controls, Bytes' expert team identified unacceptable residual risks, and the team Currently faces uncertainty regarding which specific options to for

addressing these identified and unacceptable residual risks.

Options:

No, because Bytes selected a method developed in-house

Yes, since the risk assessment methodology complied with the ISO/IEC 27001 requirements

No, Bytes did not consult with external stakeholders or subject matter experts when selecting the risk assessment methodology

Question 15

Scenario 6: Skyver manufactures electronic products, such as gaming consoles, flat-screen TVs, computers, and printers. In order to ensure information security, the company has decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001.

Colin, the company's information security manager, decided to conduct a training and awareness session for the company's staff about the information security risks and the controls implemented to mitigate them. The session covered various topics, including Skyver's information security approaches, techniques for mitigating phishing and malware, and a dedicated segment on securing cloud infrastructure and services. This particular segment explored the shared responsibility model and concepts such as identity and access management in the cloud. Colin organized the training and awareness sessions through engaging presentations, interactive discussions, and practical demonstrations to ensure that the personnel were well-informed by security principles and practices.

One of the participants in the session was Lisa, who works in the HR Department. Although Colin explained Skyver's information security policies and procedures in an honest and fair manner, she found some of the issues being discussed too technical and did not fully understand the session. Therefore, in many cases, she would request additional help from the trainer and her colleagues. In a supportive manner, Colin suggested Lisa consider attending the session again.

Skyver has been exploring the implementation of AI solutions to help understand customer preferences and provide personalized recommendations for electronic products. The aim was to utilize AI technologies to enhance problem-solving capabilities and provide suggestions to customers. This strategic initiative aligned with Skyver’s commitment to improving the customer experience through data-driven insights.

Additionally, Skyver looked for a flexible cloud infrastructure that allows the company to host certain services on internal and secure infrastructure and other services on external and scalable platforms that can be accessed from anywhere. This setup would enable various deployment options and enhance information security, crucial for Skyver's electronic product development.

According to Skyver, implementing additional controls in the ISMS implementation plan has been successfully executed, and the company was ready to transition into operational mode. Skyver assigned Colin the responsibility of determining the materiality of this change within the company.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

Did Skyver assign the adequate person for determining the materiality of the transition into operational mode of the ISMS?

Options:

Yes, the materiality of this change should be decided by the information security manager

No, the top management should be responsible for this decision

No, the ISMS implementation team should be responsible for this decision

Question 16

Levo Corporation has implemented a demilitarized zone (DMZ) and virtual private network (VPN) to secure its network. What controls did Levo Corporation implement in this case?

Options:

Preventive controls

Detective controls

Corrective controls

Question 17

Scenario 4: TradeB. a commercial bank that has just entered the market, accepts deposits from its clients and offers basic financial services and loans for investments. TradeB has decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 Having no experience of a management [^system implementation, TradeB's top management contracted two experts to direct and manage the ISMS implementation project.

First, the project team analyzed the 93 controls of ISO/IEC 27001 Annex A and listed only the security controls deemed applicable to the company and their objectives Based on this analysis, they drafted the Statement of Applicability. Afterward, they conducted a risk assessment, during which they identified assets, such as hardware, software, and networks, as well as threats and vulnerabilities, assessed potential consequences and likelihood, and determined the level of risks based on three nonnumerical categories (low, medium, and high). They evaluated the risks based on the risk evaluation criteria and decided to treat only the high risk category They also decided to focus primarily on the unauthorized use of administrator rights and system interruptions due to several hardware failures by establishing a new version of the access control policy, implementing controls to manage and control user access, and implementing a control for ICT readiness for business continuity

Lastly, they drafted a risk assessment report, in which they wrote that if after the implementation of these security controls the level of risk is below the acceptable level, the risks will be accepted

Which of the actions presented in scenario 4 is NOT compliant with the requirements of ISO/IEC 27001?

Options:

TradeB selected only ISO/IEC 27001 controls deemed applicable to the company

The Statement of Applicability was drafted before conducting the risk assessment

The external experts selected security controls and drafted the Statement of Applicability

Question 18

An employee of the organization accidentally deleted customers' data stored in the database. What is the impact of this action?

Options:

Information is not accessible when required

Information is modified in transit

Information is not available to only authorized users

Question 19

Question:

Which of the following would be an acceptable justification for excluding the Annex A 6.1 Screening control?

Options:

The organization considers background verification checks unnecessary for its operations

A collective agreement with employees prohibits security checks

The organization voluntarily performs comprehensive criminal background checks on all employees

Question 20

Scenario 6: Skyver offers worldwide shipping of electronic products, including gaming consoles, flat-screen TVs. computers, and printers. In order to ensure information security, the company has decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on the requirements of ISO/IEC 27001.

Colin, the company's best information security expert, decided to hold a training and awareness session for the personnel of the company regarding the information security challenges and other information security-related controls. The session included topics such as Skyver's information security approaches and techniques for mitigating phishing and malware.

One of the participants in the session is Lisa, who works in the HR Department. Although Colin explains the existing Skyver's information security policies and procedures in an honest and fair manner, she finds some of the issues being discussed too technical and does not fully understand the session. Therefore, in a lot of cases, she requests additional help from the trainer and her colleagues

Based on scenario 6. when should Colin deliver the next training and awareness session?

Options:

After he ensures that the group of employees targeted have satisfied the organization's needs

After he conducts a competence needs analysis and records the competence related issues

After he determines the employees' availability and motivation

Question 21

Scenario 10: CircuitLinking is a company specializing in water purification solutions, designing and manufacturing efficient filtration and treatment systems for both residential and commercial applications. Over the past two years, the company has actively implemented an integrated management system (IMS) that aligns with both ISO/IEC 27001 for information security and ISO 9001 for quality management. Recently, the company has taken a significant step forward by applying for a combined audit, aiming to achieve certification against both ISO/IEC 27001 and ISO 9001.

In preparation for the certification audit, CircuitLinking ensured a clear understanding of ISO/IEC 27001 within the company and identified key subject-matter experts to assist the auditors. It also allocated sufficient resources and performed a self-assessment to verify that processes were clearly defined, roles and responsibilities were segregated, and documented information was maintained. To avoid delays, the company gathered all necessary documentation in advance to provide evidence that procedures were in place and effective.

Following the successful completion of the Stage 1 audit, which focused on verifying the design of the management system, the Stage 2 audit was conducted to examine the implementation and effectiveness of the information security and quality management systems.

One of the auditors, Megan, was a previous employee of the company. To uphold the integrity of the certification process, the company notified the certification body about the potential conflict of interest and requested an auditor change. Subsequently, the certification body selected a replacement, ensuring impartiality. Additionally, the company requested a background check of the audit team members; however, the certification body denied this request. The necessary adjustments to the audit plan were made, and transparent communication with stakeholders was maintained.

The audit process continued seamlessly under the new auditor’s guidance. Upon audit completion, the certification body evaluated the results and conclusions of the audit and CircuitLinking's public information and awarded CircuitLinking the combined certification.

A recertification audit for CircuitLinking was conducted to verify that the company's management system continued to meet the required standards and remained effective within the defined scope of certification. CircuitLinking had implemented significant changes to its management system, including a major overhaul of its information security processes, the adoption of new technology platforms, and adjustments to comply with recent changes in industry legislation. Due to these substantial updates, the recertification audit required a Stage 1 assessment to evaluate the impact of these changes.

According to Scenario 10, the recertification audit activities at CircuitLinking included a Stage 1 audit. Is this acceptable?

Options:

No, the stage 1 audit is only required for initial certification

Yes, when there are significant changes to the management system, recertification audit activities may need to have a stage 1 audit

No, the stage 1 audit is only required when unresolved nonconformities from the previous audit cycle remain and have not been adequately addressed

No, stage 1 audits are only for new sites, not recertification

Question 22

A tech company has implemented a security measure to confirm the secure removal or overwriting of sensitive data and licensed software on equipment before disposal or reuse. What type of security control was implemented?

Options:

Physical control

Technological control

Organizational control

Question 23

Scenario 6: CB Consulting iS a reputable firm based in Dublin, Ireland. providing Strategic business Solutions to diverse clients, With a dedicated team Of professionals, CB Consulting prides itself on its

commitment to excellence, integrity, and client satisfaction. CB Consulting started implementing an ISMS aligned with ISOflEC 27001 as part of its ongoing commitment to enhancing its information security

practices. Throughout this process, ensuring effective communication and adherence to establi Shed security protocols is essential.

Sarah, an employee at CB has been appointed as the head Of a new project focused on managing sensitive client data, Additionally, she is responsible for Overseeing activities during the response

phase of incident management, including regular reporting to the incident manager of the incident management team and keeping key stakeholders informed. Meanwhile, CB Consulting has reassigned Tom to

serve as the company's legal consultant.

CB Consulting has also reassigned Clare. formerly an IT security analyst, as their information security officer to oversee the implementation Of the ISMS and ensure compliance with ISO/IEC 27001. Clare's primary

responsibility iS to conduct regular risk assessments. identlfy potential vulnerabilities, and implement appropriate Security measures to mitigate risks effectively. Clare has established a procedure Stating that

information security risk assessments are conducted only when significant changes occur. playing a crucial role in strengthening the companys security posture and safeguarding against potential threats.

TO ensure it has a Competent workforce to meet information security Objectives, CB Consulting has implemented a process to and verify that all employees, including Sarah, Tom, and Clare, possess the

necessary competence based on their education. training, or experience. Where gaps were identified, the company has taken specific actions such as providing additional training and mentoring. Additionally, CB

Consulting retains documented information as evidence of the competencies requ.red and acquired.

CB Consulting has established a robust communication strategy aligned with industry standards to ensure secure and effective information exchange. It identified the requirements for communication on relevant

issues. First, the company designated specific toles. Such as a public relations officer for external communication and a Security officer for internal matters, to manage sensitive issues like data breaches. Then.

communication triggers, content. and recipients were carefully defined. with messages pre-approved by management where necessary. Lastly, dedicated channels were implemented to ensure the confidentiality

and integrity of transmitted information.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question.

CB Consulting prioritizes transparent and Substantive communication practices to foster trust, enhance Stakeholder engagement, and reinforce its commitment to information security excellence. Which principle

of effective communication is emphasized by this approach?

Transparency

To what extent did CB Consulting identify the communication requirements for relevant issues according to best practices? Refer to the last paragraph of scenario 6.

Options:

The company fully identified all communication requirements in line with best practices

The company missed identifying the intended parties of the communication

The company did not establish a process to ensure messages are sent and properly received

Question 24

The purpose of control 5.9 inventory of Information and other associated assets of ISO/IEC 27001 is to identify organization's information and other associated assets in order to preserve their information security and assign ownership. Which of the following actions docs NOT fulfill this purpose?

Options:

Conducting regular reviews of identified information and other associated assets

Establishing rules to control physical and logical access to Information and other associated assets

Assigning the responsibility for appropriately classifying and protecting information and other associated assets to the asset owners

Question 25

Scenario 4: UX Software, a company specializing in L.JXfUl design. QA and software testing. and mobile application development. recognized the need to improve its information security measures, As such. the

company implemented an ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001- This strategic move aimed to enhance the confidentiality. availability, and integrity Of information shared internally and externally, aligning with industry

standards and best practices.

The integration of ISMS into UX Software's existing processes and ensuring that these processes are adjusted in accordance with the framework of ISMS signified an important milestone. underscoring the

organization'S commitment to information security. UX Software meticulously tailored these procedures to align with the ISMS framework, ensuring they ate contextually and culturally appropriate while avoiding

mismatches. This proactive stance reassured their employees and instilled confidence in their clients, ensuring the protection of sensitive data throughout their operations.

UX Software'S top management took action to define the Scope Of their ISMS to adhere to ISOflEC 27003 to drive this initiative forward. Sven, a key member Of the top management team at UX Software. assumed

the role of project sponsor. a critical position responsible for ensuring the execution of ISMS implementation with adequate resources. Sven's leadership was pivotal in steering the project towards compliance with

27001, thus elevating the organization's information security posture to the highest level-

In parallel with their dedication to information security. UX Software incorporated the technical specifications Of security controls within the justification section Of their Statement Of Applicability This approach

demonstrated their Commitment to meeting ISO/IEC 27001 requirements and ensured thorough documentation and justification Of Security controls, thereby Strengthening the overall Security framework Of the

organization. Additionally. UX Software established a committee responsible for ensuring the effectiveness of correctrve actions, managing the ISMS documented information, and continually improving the ISMS

while addressing nonconformities.

By implementing an ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001, UX Software improved its information security and reinforced its position as a reliable partner. This dedication to information security serves as a testament to

UX Software's commitment to delivering high-quality software solutions while safeguarding the interests of its internal stakeholders and valued clients.

Based on scenario 4, which of the following committees did UX Software establish?

Options:

Information security committee

Steering committee

Operational committee

Question 26

Scenario 7: Incident Response at Texas H&H Inc.

Once they made sure that the attackers do not have access in their system, the security administrators decided to proceed with the forensic analysis. They concluded that their access security system was not designed tor threat detection, including the detection of malicious files which could be the cause of possible future attacks.

Based on these findings. Texas H$H inc, decided to modify its access security system to avoid future incidents and integrate an incident management policy in their Information security policy that could serve as guidance for employees on how to respond to similar incidents.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

According to scenario 7, the team prevented a potential attack based on knowledge gained from previous incidents. Is this acceptable?

Options:

No, before responding to an information security incident, an information security incident management policy must be established

No, every information security incident is different, hence knowledge gained from previous incidents cannot prevent potential attacks

Yes, in the absence of an information security incident management policy, lessons learned can be applied

Question 27

Question:

Which statement regarding organizational roles, responsibilities, and authorities is NOT correct?

Options:

Top management is responsible for reporting on the performance of the ISMS and cannot assign this responsibility to someone else

A project manager can have information security responsibilities as well

Top management must assign the responsibility for ensuring that the ISMS conforms to ISO/IEC 27001

Question 28

Which of the following traits is NOT associated with an external audit?

Options:

It is always conducted in a planned and timely manner

It assesses the effectiveness and efficiency of ISMS

It has no advisory role within the organization

Question 29

Colin, the company's information security manager, decided to conduct a training and awareness session for the company's staff about the information security risks and the controls implemented to mitigate them. The session covered various topics, including Skyver's information security approaches, techniques for mitigating phishing and malware. and a dedicated segment on securing cloud infrastructure and services. This particular segment explored the shared responsibility model and concepts such as identity and access management in the cloud. Colin organized the training and awareness sessions through engaging presentations, interactive discussions, and practical demonstrations to ensure that the personnel were well informed by security principles and practices.

One of the participants in the session was Lisa, who works in the HR Department. Although Colin explained the existing Skyver's information security policies and procedures in an honest and fair manner, she found some of the issues being discussed too technical and did not fully understand the session. Therefore, in many cases, she would request additional help from the trainer and her colleagues In a supportive manner, Colin suggested Lisa to consider attending the session again.

Skyver has been exploring the implementation of Al solutions to help understand customer preferences and provide personalized recommendations for electronic products. The aim was to utilize Al technologies to enhance problem-solving capabilities and provide suggestions to customers. This strategic initiative aligned with Skyver's commitment to improving the customer experience through data-driven insights.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

How should Colin have handled the situation with Lisa?

Options:

Assign an individual the responsibility to provide Lisa with personalized explanations for her technical issues

Organize separate technical training sessions exclusively for Lisa

Deliver training and awareness sessions for employees with the same level of competence needs based on the activities they perform within the company

Question 30

What is the first phase in the information security policy development life cycle?

Options:

Policy construction

Policy implementation

Risk assessment

Policy planning / Needs assessment

Question 31

Scenario 1: HealthGenic is a pediatric clinic that monitors the health and growth of individuals from infancy to early adulthood using a web-based medical software. The software is also used to schedule appointments, create customized medical reports, store patients' data and medical history, and communicate with all the [^involved parties, including parents, other physicians, and the medical laboratory staff.

Last month, HealthGenic experienced a number of service interruptions due to the increased number of users accessing the software Another issue the company faced while using the software was the complicated user interface, which the untrained personnel found challenging to use.

The top management of HealthGenic immediately informed the company that had developed the software about the issue. The software company fixed the issue; however, in the process of doing so, it modified some files that comprised sensitive information related to HealthGenic's patients. The modifications that were made resulted in incomplete and incorrect medical reports and, more importantly, invaded the patients' privacy.

In scenario 1, HealthGenic experienced a number of service interruptions due to the loss of functionality of the software. Which principle of information security has been affected in this case?

Options:

Availability

Confidentiality

Integrity

Question 32

What should an organization allocate to ensure the maintenance and improvement of the information security management system?

Options:

The appropriate transfer to operations

Sufficient resources, such as the budget, qualified personnel, and required tools

The documented information required by ISO/IEC 27001

Question 33

A small organization that is implementing an ISMS based on ISO/lEC 27001 has decided to outsource the internal audit function to a third party. Is this acceptable?

Options:

Yes, outsourcing the internal audit function to a third party is often a better option for small organizations to demonstrate independence and impartiality

No, the organizations cannot outsource the internal audit function to a third party because during internal audit, the organization audits its own system

No, the outsourcing of the internal audit function may compromise the independence and impartiality of the internal audit team

Answer:

Explanation:

According to the ISO/IEC 27001:2022 standard, an internal audit is an audit conducted by the organization itself to evaluate the conformity and effectiveness of its information security management system (ISMS). The standard requires that the internal audit should be performed by auditors who are objective and impartial, meaning that they should not have any personal or professional interest or bias that could influence their judgment or compromise their integrity. The standard also allows the organization to outsource the internal audit function to a third party, as long as the criteria of objectivity and impartiality are met.

Outsourcing the internal audit function to a third party can be a better option for small organizations that may not have enough resources, skills, or experience to perform an internal audit by themselves. By hiring an external auditor, the organization can benefit from the following advantages:

The external auditor can provide a fresh and independent perspective on the organization’s ISMS, identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that may not be apparent to the internal staff.

The external auditor can bring in specialized knowledge, expertise, and best practices from other organizations and industries, helping the organization to improve its ISMS and achieve its objectives.

The external auditor can reduce the risk of conflict of interest, bias, or influence that may arise when the internal staff audit their own work or the work of their colleagues.

The external auditor can save the organization time and money by conducting the internal audit more efficiently and effectively, avoiding duplication of work or unnecessary delays.

Therefore, outsourcing the internal audit function to a third party is acceptable and often preferable for small organizations that are implementing an ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001.

[:, ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Information technology — Security techniques — Information security management systems — Requirements, Clause 9.2, Internal audit, ISO/IEC 27007:2023, Information technology — Security techniques — Guidelines for information security management systems auditing, PECB, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 12, Internal audit, A Complete Guide to an ISO 27001 Internal Audit - Sprinto, ]

Question 34

Which of the following standards provides the requirements and guidelines for establishing a privacy information management system (PIMS)?

Options:

ISO/IEC 27701

ISO/IEC 27009

ISO/IEC 27011

Question 35

What is the primary purpose of risk analysis?

Options:

To comprehend the nature of risk and determine its level

To implement risk treatment measures

To assess vulnerabilities and determine their source

Question 36

Scenario 8: SunDee is a biopharmaceutical firm headquartered in California, US. Renowned for its pioneering work in the field of human therapeutics, SunDee places a strong emphasis on addressing critical healthcare concerns, particularly in the domains of cardiovascular diseases, oncology, bone health, and inflammation. SunDee has demonstrated its commitment to data security and integrity by maintaining an effective information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 for the past two years.

In preparation for the recertification audit, SunDee conducted an internal audit. The company's top management appointed Alex, who has actively managed the Compliance Department's day-to-day operations for the last six months, as the internal auditor. With this dual role assignment, Alex is tasked with conducting an audit that ensures compliance and provides valuable recommendations to improve operational efficiency.

During the internal audit, a few nonconformities were identified. To address them comprehensively, the company created action plans for each nonconformity, working closely with the audit team leader.

SunDee's senior management conducted a comprehensive review of the ISMS to evaluate its appropriateness, sufficiency, and efficiency. This was integrated into their regular management meetings. Essential documents, including audit reports, action plans, and review outcomes, were distributed to all members before the meeting. The agenda covered the status of previous review actions, changes affecting the ISMS, feedback, stakeholder inputs, and opportunities for improvement. Decisions and actions targeting ISMS improvements were made, with a significant role played by the ISMS coordinator and the internal audit team in preparing follow-up action plans, which were then approved by top management.

In response to the review outcomes, SunDee promptly implemented corrective actions, strengthening its information security measures. Additionally, dashboard tools were introduced to provide a high-level overview of key performance indicators essential for monitoring the organization's information security management. These indicators included metrics on security incidents, their costs, system vulnerability tests, nonconformity detection, and resolution times, facilitating effective recording, reporting, and tracking of monitoring activities. Furthermore, SunDee embarked on a comprehensive measurement process to assess the progress and outcomes of ongoing projects, implementing extensive measures across all processes. The top management determined that the individual responsible for the information, aside from owning the data that contributes to the measures, would also be designated accountable for executing these measurement activities.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

Based on scenario 8, which of the following dashboards did SunDee utilize?

Options:

Operational dashboards

Tactical dashboards

Strategic dashboards

Question 37

Based on scenario 4, what type of assets were identified during risk assessment?

Options:

Supporting assets

Primary assets

Business assets

Question 38

Scenario 10: CircuitLinking is a company specializing in water purification solutions, designing and manufacturing efficient filtration and treatment systems for both residential and commercial applications. Over the past two years, the company has actively implemented an integrated management system (IMS) that aligns with both ISO/IEC 27001 for information security and ISO 9001 for quality management. Recently, the company has taken a significant step forward by applying for a combined audit, aiming to achieve certification against both ISO/IEC 27001 and ISO 9001.

According to Scenario 10, the certification body evaluated the results and conclusions of the audit and CircuitLinking’s public information when making the certification decision. Is this acceptable?

Options:

No, the certification body should also consider the auditor's opinions when making the certification decision

No, the certification decision must be based solely on the audit findings, and no external information can be considered

Yes, the certification body must make the certification decision based on other relevant information, such as public information

No, only top management’s input should be considered

Question 39

Scenario 2: NyvMarketing is a marketing firm that provides different services to clients across various industries. With expertise in digital marketing. branding, and market research, NyvMarketing has built a solid

reputation for delivering innovative and impactful marketing campaigns. With the growing Significance Of data Security and information protection within the marketing landscape, the company decided to

implement an ISMS based on 27001.

While implementing its ISMS NyvMarketing encountered a significant challenge; the threat of insufficient resources, This challenge posed a risk to effectively executing its ISMS objectives and could potentially

undermine the company'S efforts to safeguard Sensitive information. TO address this threat, NyvMarketing adopted a proactive approach by appointing Michael to manage the risks related to resource Constraints.

Michael was pivotal in identifying and addressing resource gaps. strategizing risk mitigation. and allocating resources effectively for ISMS implementation at NyvMarket•ng, strengthening the company's resilience

against resource challenges.

Furthermore, NyvMarketing prioritized industry standards and best practices in information security, diligently following ISOfIEC 27002 guidelines. This commitment, driven by excellence and ISO/IEC 27001

requirements, underscored NyvMafketinq•s dedication to upholding the h•ghest Standards Of information security governance.

While working on the ISMS implementation, NyvMarketing opted to exclude one Of the requirements related to competence (as stipulated in ISO/IEC 27001, Clause 7.2). The company believed that its existing

workforce possessed the necessary competence to fulfill ISMS•telated tasks_ However, it did not provide a valid justification for this omission. Moreover. when specific controls from Annex A Of ISO/IEC 27001

were not implemented. NyvMarketing neglected to provide an acceptable justification for these exclusions.

During the ISMS implementation, NFMarketing thoroughly assessed vulnerabilities that could affect its information Security These vulnerabilities included insufficient maintenance and faulty installation Of

storage media, insufficient periodic replacement schemes for equipment, Inadequate software testing. and unprotected communication lines. Recognizing that these vulnerabilities could pose risks to its data

security. NBMarketing took steps to address these specific weaknesses by implementing the necessary controls and countermeasures-

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question.

In the scenario 2. NyvMarketing faced the threat of insufficient resources during the ISMS implementation. In which of the following categories does this threat fall?

In scenario 2, NyvMarketing faced the threat of insufficient resources during the ISMS implementation. In which of the following categories does this threat fall?

Options:

Organizational threats

Physical threats

Compromise of functions or services

Natural threats

Question 40

Upon the risk assessment outcomes. Socket Inc. decided to:

• Require the use of passwords with at least 12 characters containing uppercase and lowercase letters, symbols, and numbers

• Require the change of passwords at least once every 60 days

• Keep backup copies of files on IT-provided network drives

• Assign users to a separate network when they have access to cloud storage files storing customers' personal data.

Based on scenario 5, what can be considered as a residual risk to Socket Inc.?

Options:

Files arc decrypted once the user is authenticated

Users with access to cloud storage files are segregated on a separate network

The use of passwords with at least 12 characters containing a mixture of uppercase and lowercase letters, symbols, and numbers

Question 41

How can SkyFleet demonstrate its ongoing commitment to continual improvement in information security?

Options:

By letting employees take independent action ensures swift problem resolution

By outsourcing its information security responsibilities to a third-party vendor

By publishing an annual report on information security performance

Question 42

Which of the following processes may involve increasing risk in order to pursue an opportunity?

Options:

Risk analysis

Risk treatment

Risk identification

Question 43

'The ISMS covers all departments within Company XYZ that have access to customers' data. The purpose of the ISMS is to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of customers' data, and ensure compliance with the applicable regulatory requirements regarding information security." What does this statement describe?

Options:

The information systems boundary of the ISMS scope

The organizational boundaries of the ISMS scope

The physical boundary of the ISMS scope

Answer:

Explanation:

The statement describes the organizational boundaries of the ISMS scope, which define which parts of the organization are included or excluded from the ISMS. The organizational boundaries can be based on criteria such as departments, functions, processes, activities, or locations. In this case, the statement specifies that the ISMS covers all departments within Company XYZ that have access to customers’ data, and excludes the ones that do not. The statement also explains the purpose of the ISMS, which is to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of customers’ data, and ensure compliance with the applicable regulatory requirements regarding information security.

The statement does not describe the information systems boundary of the ISMS scope, which defines which information systems are included or excluded from the ISMS. The information systems boundary can be based on criteria such as hardware, software, networks, databases, or applications. The statement does not mention any specific information systems that are covered by the ISMS.

The statement also does not describe the physical boundary of the ISMS scope, which defines which physical locations are included or excluded from the ISMS. The physical boundary can be based on criteria such as buildings, rooms, cabinets, or devices. The statement does not mention any specific physical locations that are covered by the ISMS.

[:, ISO/IEC 27001:2013, clause 4.3: Determining the scope of the information security management system, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 4: Planning the ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 6: Implementing the ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 7: Performance evaluation, monitoring and measurement of the ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 8: Continual improvement of the ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 9: Preparing for the ISMS certification audit, ISO/IEC 27001 scope statement | How to set the scope of your ISMS - Advisera1, How to Write an ISO 27001 Scope Statement (+3 Examples) - Compleye2, How To Use an Information Flow Map to Determine Scope of Your ISMS3, ISMS SCOPE DOCUMENT - Resolver4, Define the Scope and Objectives - ISMS Info5, ]

Question 44

Scenario 8: SecureLynx is one Of the largest cybersecurity advisory and consulting companies that helps private sector organizations prevent security threats. improve security systems. and achieve business

SecureLynr is committed to complying with national and international standards to enhance the company'S resilience and credibility_ SecureLynx has Started implementing an ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001

as part of its relentless pursuit of security.

As part of the internal audit activities. the top management reviewed and approved the audit objectives to assess the effectiveness of SecureLynx•s ISMS During the audit, the internal auditor evaluated whether

top management Supports activities associated with the ISMS and if the toles and responsibilities Of relevant parties are Clearly defined. This rigorous examination is a testament to SecureLynx'S

commitment to continuous improvernent and alignment of security measures with organizational goals.

SecureLynx employs an innovative dashboard that visually represents implemented processes and controls to ensure transparency and accountability within the Organization. This tool Offers stakeholders a real-

time overview of security measures. empowering them to make informed decisions and swiftly respond to emerging threats. As part of this initiative, Paula was appointed to a new position entrusted with the

responsibility Of collecting, recordlng, and Stoting data to measure the effectiveness Of the ISMS-

Furthermore, SecureLynx conducts management reviews every six months to ensure its Systems are robust and continually improving. These reviews serve as a crucial mechanism for assessing the efficacy Of

security measures and identifying areas for enhancement. SecureLynx's dedication to implementing and maintaining a robust ISMS exemplifies its commitment to innovation and Client satisfaction.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question.

Based on scenario 8, which internal audit activity is the internal auditor at SecureLynx performing?

Options:

Evaluation of the ISMS governance

Evaluation of the information security objectives

Evaluation of the risk management process

Question 45

The Incident Response Team (IRT) has been notified of a potential compromise in the organization’s network. Which type of services would be most appropriate for the IRT to provide in this situation?

Options:

Proactive services

Reactive services

Security quality management services

Question 46

Which option below should be addressed in an information security policy?

Options:

Actions to be performed after an information security incident

Legal and regulatory obligations imposed upon the organization

The complexity of information security processes and their interactions

Question 47

The approved action plan was implemented and all actions described in the plan were documented.

Based on scenario 9. is the action plan for the identified nonconformities sufficient to eliminate the detected nonconformities?

Options:

Yes, because a separate action plan has been created for the identified nonconformity

No, because the action plan does not include a timeframe for implementation

No, because the action plan does not address the root cause of the identified nonconformity

Question 48

An organization that is implementing the ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001 has defined and communicated secure system architecture and engineering principles. However, there is no documented information related to these principles. Is this acceptable?

Options:

Yes, the standard requires organizations to only communicate secure system architecture and engineering principles

Yes, documented information related to secure system architecture and engineering principles is not directly required by the standard

No, documenting secure system architecture and engineering principles is required by the standard

Question 49

An organization has justified the exclusion of control 5.18 Access rights of ISO/IEC 27001 in the Statement of Applicability (SoA) as follows: "An access control reader is already installed at the main entrance of the building." Which statement is correct'

Options:

The justification for the exclusion of a control is not required to be included in the SoA

The justification is not acceptable, because it does not reflect the purpose of control 5.18

The justification is not acceptable because it does not indicate that it has been selected based on the risk assessment results

Question 50

What is the main purpose of Annex A 7.1 Physical security perimeters of ISO/IEC 27001?

Options:

To prevent unauthorized physical access, damage, and interference to the organization's information and other associated assets

To maintain the confidentiality of information that is accessible by personnel or external parties

To ensure access to information and other associated assets is defined and authorized

Question 51

Which of the following is the most suitable option for presenting raw data in a user-friendly, easy-to-read format?

Options:

Scorecards

Reports

Gages

Question 52

Refer to Scenario 4 (FinSecure)

Finsecure is a financial institution based in Finland, providing services to a diverse clientele, encompassing retail banking, corporate banking, wealth management, and digital banking, all tailored to meet the evolving financial needs of individuals and businesses in the region. Recognizing the critical importance of information security in the modern banking landscape, FinSecure has initiated the implementation of an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001. To ensure the successful implementation of the ISMS, the top management decided to contract two experts to lead and oversee the ISMS implementation project.

As a primary strategy for implementing the ISMS, the experts chose an approach that emphasizes a swift implementation of the ISMS by initially meeting the minimum requirements of ISO/IEC 27001, followed by continual improvement over time. Additionally, under the guidance of experts, FinSecure opted for a methodological framework, which serves as a structured framework that outlines the high-level stages of the ISMS implementation, the associated activities, and the deliverables without incorporating any specific tools.

The experts conducted a risk assessment, identifying all the supporting assets, which were the most tangible ones. They assessed the potential consequences and likelihood of various risks, determining the level of risks using a methodical approach that involved defining and characterizing the terms and criteria used in the assessment process. These risks were categorized into nonnumerical levels (e g., very low, low. moderate, high, very high). Explanatory notes were thoughtfully crafted to justify assessed values, with the primary goal of enhancing repeatability and reproducibility.

After completing the risk assessment, the experts reviewed a selected number of the security controls from Annex A of ISO/IEC 27001 to determine which ones were applicable to the company's specific context. The decision to implement security controls was justified by the risk assessment results. Based on this review, they drafted the Statement of Applicability (SoA). They focused on treating only the high-risk category particularly addressing unauthorized use of administrator rights and system interruptions due to several hardware failures. To address these issues, they established a new version of the access control policy, implemented controls to manage and control user access, and introduced a control for ICT readiness to ensure business continuity.

Their risk assessment report indicated that if the implemented security controls reduce the risk levels to an acceptable threshold, those risks will be accepted

Question:

Did the experts draft the Statement of Applicability (SoA) in accordance with ISO/IEC 27001?

Options:

Yes – because they reviewed a selected number of the controls from Annex A of ISO/IEC 27001

No – because they did not review all of the controls from Annex A of ISO/IEC 27001

No – because the SoA should have been drafted just before the risk assessment was finalized

Question 53

How does the Statement of Applicability (SoA) contribute to the certification audit process?

Options:

It provides a comprehensive overview of security incidents for external auditors

It provides a reference for external auditors, listing pertinent controls relevant to the ISMS

It provides a checklist for top management to ensure the implementation of relevant controls to the ISMS

Question 54

Scenario 10: ProEBank

After the Stage 2 audit, minor nonconformities were found. Despite this, the audit team leader issued a positive recommendation for certification.

Question:

Is this acceptable?

Options:

No – the auditor should have issued an unfavorable recommendation for certification because minor nonconformities were identified

Yes – a recommendation for certification should be issued when only minor nonconformities are identified

No – the auditor should have issued a recommendation for certification conditional upon the filing of corrective action plans for the minor nonconformities

Question 55

According to ISO/IEC 270G1. why shall organizations document nonconformities?

Options:

To provide evidence of the requirements set by internal audit after reviewing their audit reports

To provide evidence of the results of the corrective actions and the nature of the nonconformities

To provide evidence of regulations set by external sources that need to be followed by the organization

Question 56

Lastly, Socket Inc. implemented a new system to maintain, collect, and analyze information related to information security threats, and integrate information security into project management.

Socket Inc. has implemented a control for the effective use of cryptography and cryptographic key management. Is this compliant with ISO/IEC 27001' Refer to scenario 3.

Options:

No, the control should be implemented only for defining rules for cryptographic key management

Yes, the control for the effective use of the cryptography can include cryptographic key management

No, because the standard provides a separate control for cryptographic key management

Answer:

Explanation:

According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Annex A.8.24, the control for the effective use of cryptography is intended to ensure proper and effective use of cryptography to protect the confidentiality, authenticity, and/or integrity of information. This control can include cryptographic key management, which is the process of generating, distributing, storing, using, and destroying cryptographic keys in a secure manner. Cryptographic key management is essential for ensuring the security and functionality of cryptographic solutions, such as encryption, digital signatures, or authentication.

The standard provides the following guidance for implementing this control:

A policy on the use of cryptographic controls should be developed and implemented.

The policy should define the circumstances and conditions in which the different types of cryptographic controls should be used, based on the information classification scheme, the relevant agreements, legislation, and regulations, and the assessed risks.

The policy should also define the standards and techniques to be used for each type of cryptographic control, such as the algorithms, key lengths, key formats, and key lifecycles.

The policy should be reviewed and updated regularly to reflect the changes in the technology, the business environment, and the legal requirements.

The cryptographic keys should be managed through their whole lifecycle, from generation to destruction, in a secure and controlled manner, following the principles of need-to-know and segregation of duties.

The cryptographic keys should be protected from unauthorized access, disclosure, modification, loss, or theft, using appropriate physical and logical security measures, such as encryption, access control, backup, and audit.

The cryptographic keys should be changed or replaced periodically, or when there is a suspicion of compromise, following a defined process that ensures the continuity of the cryptographic services and the availability of the information.

The cryptographic keys should be securely destroyed when they are no longer required, or when they reach their end of life, using methods that prevent their recovery or reconstruction.

[:, ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Implementer Course Guide1, ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Implementer Info Kit2, ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information Security Management Systems - Requirements3, ISO/IEC 27002:2022 Code of Practice for Information Security Controls4, Understanding Cryptographic Controls in Information Security5, ]

Question 57

What category of decision-making does the implementation of an ISMS belong to within an organization's framework?

Options:

Tactical

Operational

Strategic

Question 58

Scenario 1: HealthGenic is a pediatric clinic that monitors the health and growth of individuals from infancy to early adulthood using a web-based medical software. The software is also used to schedule appointments, create customized medical reports, store patients' data and medical history, and communicate with all the involved parties, including parents, other physicians, and the medical laboratory staff.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

Which of the following indicates that the confidentiality of information was compromised?

Options:

Service interruptions due to the increased number of users

Invasion of patients' privacy

Modification of patients' medical reports

Question 59

Which statement regarding organizational roles, responsibilities, and authorities is NOT correct?

Options:

Top management is responsible for reporting on the performance of the ISMS and cannot assign this responsibility to someone else

A project manager can have information security responsibilities as well

Top management must assign the responsibility for ensuring that the ISMS conforms to ISO/IEC 27001

Question 60

HealthGenic is a pediatric clinic that monitors the health and growth of individuals from infancy to early adulthood using a web-based medical software. The software is also used to schedule appointments, create customized medical reports, store patients' data and medical history, and communicate with all the [^involved parties, including parents, other physicians, and the medical laboratory staff.

Based on scenario 8. how does the HealthGenic’s negligence affect the ISMS certificate?

Options:

HealthGenic will be able to renew the ISMS certificate, as they did not detect any information security incident in the past two years

HealthGenic might not be able to renew the ISMS certificate, as it has not conducted management reviews at planned intervals

HealthGenic might not be able to renew the ISMS certificate, as the internal audit lasted longer than planned

Question 61

Jane is a developer looking to deploy an application she created using a programming language supported by her cloud service provider. She does not need to manage the underlying infrastructure like servers or storage, but needs control over the application and its environment. Which cloud service model does Jane need?

Options:

Infrastructure as a Service

Platform as a Service

Software as a Service

Question 62

According to ISO/IEC 27001, what shall the organization determine regarding monitoring and measurement?

SecureLynr is committed to complying with national and international standards to enhance the company'S resilience and credibility_ SecureLynx has Started implementing an ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001

as part of its relentless pursuit of security.

top management Supports activities associated with the ISMS and if the toles and responsibilities Of relevant parties are Clearly defined. This rigorous examination is a testament to SecureLynx'S

commitment to continuous improvernent and alignment of security measures with organizational goals.

responsibility Of collecting, recordlng, and Stoting data to measure the effectiveness Of the ISMS-

security measures and identifying areas for enhancement. SecureLynx's dedication to implementing and maintaining a robust ISMS exemplifies its commitment to innovation and Client satisfaction.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question.

Options:

The number of attributes to be measured

The methods for monitoring, measurement, analysis, and evaluation

The frequency of analysis and evaluation

Question 63

Scenario 5: OperazelT is a software development company that develops applications for various companies worldwide. Recently, the company conducted a risk assessment in response to the evolving digital landscape and emerging information security challenges. Through rigorous testing techniques like penetration testing and code review, the company identified issues in its IT systems, including improper user permissions, misconfigured security settings, and insecure network configurations. To resolve these issues and enhance information security, OperazelT implemented an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001.

In a collaborative effort involving the implementation team, OperazelT thoroughly assessed its business requirements and internal and external environment, identified its key processes and activities, and identified and analyzed the interested parties to establish the preliminary scope of the ISMS. Following this, the implementation team conducted a comprehensive review of the company's functional units, opting to include most of the company departments within the ISMS scope. Additionally, the team decided to include internal and external physical locations, both external and internal issues referred to in clause 4.1, the requirements in clause 4.2, and the interfaces and dependencies between activities performed by the company. The IT manager had a pivotal role in approving the final scope, reflecting OperazelT’s commitment to information security.

OperazelT's information security team created a comprehensive information security policy that aligned with the company's strategic direction and legal requirements, informed by risk assessment findings and business strategies. This policy, alongside specific policies detailing security issues and assigning roles and responsibilities, was communicated internally and shared with external parties. The drafting, review, and approval of these policies involved active participation from top management, ensuring a robust framework for safeguarding information across all interested parties.

As OperazelT moved forward, the company entered the policy implementation phase, with a detailed plan encompassing security definition, role assignments, and training sessions. Lastly, the policy monitoring and maintenance phase was conducted, where monitoring mechanisms were established to ensure the company's information security policy is enforced and all employees comply with its requirements.

To further strengthen its information security framework, OperazelT initiated a comprehensive gap analysis as part of the ISMS implementation process. Rather than relying solely on internal assessments, OperazelT decided to involve the services of external consultants to assess the state of its ISMS. The company collaborated with external consultants, which brought a fresh perspective and valuable insights to the gap analysis process, enabling OperazelT to identify vulnerabilities and areas for improvement with a higher degree of objectivity. Lastly, OperazelT created a committee whose mission includes ensuring the proper operation of the ISMS, overseeing the company's risk assessment process, managing information security-related issues, recommending solutions to nonconformities, and monitoring the implementation of corrections and corrective actions.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

Which phase of information security policy development at OperazelT did NOT encompass all the necessary components?

Options:

Risk assessment

Policy construction

Policy implementation

Question 64

implement an ISMS based on 27001.

against resource challenges.

requirements, underscored NyvMafketinq•s dedication to upholding the h•ghest Standards Of information security governance.

were not implemented. NyvMarketing neglected to provide an acceptable justification for these exclusions.

security. NBMarketing took steps to address these specific weaknesses by implementing the necessary controls and countermeasures-

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question.

In the scenario 2. NyvMarketing faced the threat of insufficient resources during the ISMS implementation. In which of the following categories does this threat fall?

According to scenario 2, what is Michael’s role at NyvMarketing?

Options:

Risk owner

Incident manager

Crisis manager

ISMS auditor

Question 65

Scenario 2:

Beauty is a well-established cosmetics company in the beauty industry. The company was founded several decades ago with a passion for creating high-quality skincare, makeup, and personal care products that enhance natural beauty. Over the years, Beauty has built a strong reputation for its innovative product offerings, commitment to customer satisfaction, and dedication to ethical and sustainable business practices.

In response to the rapidly evolving landscape of consumer shopping habits, Beauty transitioned from traditional retail to an e-commerce model. To initiate this strategy, Beauty conducted a comprehensive information security risk assessment, analyzing potential threats and vulnerabilities associated with its new e-commerce venture, aligned with its business strategy and objectives.

Concerning the identified risks, the company implemented several information security controls. All employees were required to sign confidentiality agreements to emphasize the importance of protecting sensitive customer data. The company thoroughly reviewed user access rights, ensuring only authorized personnel could access sensitive information. In addition, since the company stores valuable products and unique formulas in the warehouse, it installed alarm systems and surveillance cameras with real-time alerts to prevent any potential act of vandalism.

After a while, the information security team analyzed the audit logs to monitor and track activities across the newly implemented security controls. Upon investigating and analyzing the audit logs, it was discovered that an attacker had accessed the system due to out-of-date anti-malware software, exposing customers' sensitive information, including names and home addresses. Following this, the IT team replaced the anti-malware software with a new one capable of automatically removing malicious code in case of similar incidents. The new software was installed on all workstations and regularly updated with the latest malware definitions, with an automatic update feature enabled. An authentication process requiring user identification and a password was also implemented to access sensitive information.

During the investigation, Maya, the information security manager of Beauty, found that information security responsibilities in job descriptions were not clearly defined, for which the company took immediate action. Recognizing that their e-commerce operations would have a global reach, Beauty diligently researched and complied with the industry's legal, statutory, regulatory, and contractual requirements. It considered international and local regulations, including data privacy laws, consumer protection acts, and global trade agreements.

To meet these requirements, Beauty invested in legal counsel and compliance experts who continuously monitored and ensured the company's compliance with legal standards in every market they operated in. Additionally, Beauty conducted multiple information security awareness sessions for the IT team and other employees with access to confidential information, emphasizing the importance of system and network security.

What type of controls did Beauty implement to ensure the safety of products and unique formulas stored in the warehouse?

Options:

Administrative

Legal

Technical

Question 66

Scenario 10: NetworkFuse develops, manufactures, and sells network hardware. The company has had an operational information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 requirements and a quality management system (QMS) based on ISO 9001 for approximately two years. Recently, it has applied for a j^ombined certification audit in order to obtain certification against ISO/IEC 27001 and ISO 9001.

After selecting the certification body, NetworkFuse prepared the employees for the audit The company decided to not conduct a self-evaluation before the audit since, according to the top management, it was not necessary. In addition, it ensured the availability of documented information, including internal audit reports and management reviews, technologies in place, and the general operations of the ISMS and the QMS. However, the company requested from the certification body that the documentation could not be carried off-site

However, the audit was not performed within the scheduled days because NetworkFuse rejected the audit team leader assigned and requested their replacement The company asserted that the same audit team leader issued a recommendation for certification to its main competitor, which, for the company's top management, was a potential conflict of interest. The request was not accepted by the certification body

NetworkFuse should_________________to ensure that employees are prepared for the audit. Refer to scenario 10.

Options:

Conduct practice interviews

Observe the technologies used

Select a certification body that provides combined audits

Question 67

Scenario 9:

OpenTech, headquartered in San Francisco, specializes in information and communication technology (ICT) solutions. Its clientele primarily includes data communication enterprises and network operators. The company's core objective is to enable its clients to transition smoothly into multi-service providers, aligning their operations with the complex demands of the digital landscape.

Recently, Tim, the internal auditor of OpenTech, conducted an internal audit that uncovered nonconformities related to their monitoring procedures and system vulnerabilities. In response to these nonconformities, OpenTech decided to employ a comprehensive problem-solving approach to address the issues systematically. This method encompasses a team-oriented approach, aiming to identify, correct, and eliminate the root causes of the issues. The approach involves several steps: First, establish a group of experts with deep knowledge of processes and controls. Next, break down the nonconformity into measurable components and implement interim containment measures. Then, identify potential root causes and select and verify permanent corrective actions. Finally, put those actions into practice, validate them, take steps to prevent recurrence, and recognize and acknowledge the team's efforts.

Following the analysis of the root causes of the nonconformities, OpenTech's ISMS project manager, Julia, developed a list of potential actions to address the identified nonconformities. Julia carefully evaluated the list to ensure that each action would effectively eliminate the root cause of the respective nonconformity. While assessing potential corrective actions, Julia identified one issue as significant and assessed a high likelihood of its recurrence. Consequently, she chose to implement temporary corrective actions. Julia then combined all the nonconformities into a single action plan and sought approval from top management. The submitted action plan was written as follows:

"A new version of the access control policy will be established and new restrictions will be created to ensure that network access is effectively managed and monitored by the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Department."

However, Julia's submitted action plan was not approved by top management. The reason cited was that a general action plan meant to address all nonconformities was deemed unacceptable. Consequently, Julia revised the action plan and submitted separate ones for approval. Unfortunately, Julia did not adhere to the organization's specified deadline for submission, resulting in a delay in the corrective action process. Additionally, the revised action plans lacked a defined schedule for execution.

Did Julia's approach to submitting action plans for addressing nonconformities align with best practices?

Options:

Yes, as action plan submission can be flexible

No, as action plans are typically expected to meet specified deadlines

Yes, Julia revised the action plan to ensure alignment with best practices

Question 68

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

Texas M&H Inc. decided to integrate the incident management policy to the existent information security policy. How do you define this situation?

Options:

Acceptable, the incident management policy may be integrated into the overall information security policy of the organization

Acceptable, but only if the incident management policy addresses environmental, or health and safety issues

Unacceptable, the incident management policy should be drafted as a separate document in order to be clear and effective

Question 69

Scenario 2: Beauty is a cosmetics company that has recently switched to an e-commerce model, leaving the traditional retail. The top management has decided to build their own custom platform in-house and outsource the payment process to an external provider operating online payments systems that support online money transfers.

Due to this transformation of the business model, a number of security controls were implemented based on the identified threats and vulnerabilities associated to critical assets. To protect customers' information. Beauty's employees had to sign a confidentiality agreement. In addition, the company reviewed all user access rights so that only authorized personnel can have access to sensitive files and drafted a new segregation of duties chart.

However, the transition was difficult for the IT team, who had to deal with a security incident not long after transitioning to the e commerce model. After investigating the incident, the team concluded that due to the out-of-date anti-malware software, an attacker gamed access to their files and exposed customers' information, including their names and home addresses.

The IT team decided to stop using the old anti-malware software and install a new one which would automatically remove malicious code in case of similar incidents. The new software was installed in every workstation within the company. After installing the new software, the team updated it with the latest malware definitions and enabled the automatic update feature to keep it up to date at all times. Additionally, they established an authentication process that requires a user identification and password when accessing sensitive information.

In addition, Beauty conducted a number of information security awareness sessions for the IT team and other employees that have access to confidential information in order to raise awareness on the importance of system and network security.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

Which situation described in scenario 2 Indicates service unavailability?

Options:

Lucas was no! able to access the website with his credentials

Attackers still had access to the data when Solena delivered a press release

Lucas was asked to change his password weekly

Question 70

implement an ISMS based on 27001.

against resource challenges.

requirements, underscored NyvMafketinq•s dedication to upholding the h•ghest Standards Of information security governance.

were not implemented. NyvMarketing neglected to provide an acceptable justification for these exclusions.

security. NBMarketing took steps to address these specific weaknesses by implementing the necessary controls and countermeasures-

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question.

In the scenario 2. NyvMarketing faced the threat of insufficient resources during the ISMS implementation. In which of the following categories does this threat fall?

Which of the following categories of vulnerabilities did NyvMarketing address during its ISMS implementation? Refer to scenario 2.

Options:

Network, personnel, and site vulnerabilities

Organizational and site vulnerabilities

Hardware, software, and network vulnerabilities

Physical and administrative vulnerabilities

Question 71

standards and best practices.

mismatches. This proactive stance reassured their employees and instilled confidence in their clients, ensuring the protection of sensitive data throughout their operations.

27001, thus elevating the organization's information security posture to the highest level-

while addressing nonconformities.

UX Software's commitment to delivering high-quality software solutions while safeguarding the interests of its internal stakeholders and valued clients.

According to Scenario 4, UX Software decided to use the guidelines of ISO/IEC 27003 to define the scope of the ISMS. Is the scope defined in accordance with these guidelines?

Options:

Yes, they defined the scope according to ISO/IEC 27003

No, they should have followed a multi-step approach involving management representatives and refinement

No, they should have determined the final scope first

Question 72

Invalid Electric, a manufacturer of electrical components, is preparing for its upcoming ISO 27001 certification audit. This is the first time the company has undergone such an audit, and many of its employees are not familiar with the process. The management team is concerned that employees may not be adequately prepared for interviews and the scrutiny of documentation during the audit.

To ensure that employees are ready for the audit, the management team is considering several options to help them understand what to expect and how to handle the auditor's questions confidently.

Based on scenario 10. did invalid Electric provide a valid reason for requesting the replacement of the audit learn leader?

Options:

No, because Issuing a recommendation for certification lo a main competitor is not a conflict of interest situation

No, because the auditee can request the replacement of an auditor only if the auditor has worked for the auditee

Yes, because the auditee can request to replace an auditor that has worked for one of its major competitors

Question 73

Scenario 1:

According to scenario 1, what is the possible threat associated with the vulnerability discovered by HealthGenic when analyzing the root cause of unauthorized changes?

Options:

Theft

Lawsuit

Fraud

Question 74

Scenario:

An employee at Reyae Ltd unintentionally sent an email containing critical business strategies to a competitor due to an autofill email suggestion error. The email included proprietary trade secrets and confidential client data. Upon receiving the email, the competitor altered the information and attempted to use it to mislead clients into switching services.

Question:

Which of the following statements correctly describes the security principles affected in this situation?

Options:

Reyae Ltd's confidentiality was compromised first, while the competitor's actions led to an integrity violation

Reyae Ltd's integrity was compromised first, while the competitor's actions led to an availability violation

Reyae Ltd's availability was compromised first, while the competitor’s actions led to an integrity violation

Question 75

Based on scenario 5. in which category of the interested parties does the MR manager of Operaze belong?

Options:

Positively influenced interested parties, because the ISMS will increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the HR Department

Negatively influenced interested parties, because the HR Department will deal with more documentation

Both A and B

Answer:

Explanation:

According to ISO/IEC 27001, interested parties are those who can affect, be affected by, or perceive themselves to be affected by the organization’s information security activities, products, or services. Interested parties can be classified into four categories based on their influence and interest in the ISMS:

Positively influenced interested parties: those who benefit from the ISMS and support its implementation and operation

Negatively influenced interested parties: those who are adversely affected by the ISMS and oppose its implementation and operation

High-interest interested parties: those who have a strong interest in the ISMS and its outcomes, regardless of their influence

Low-interest interested parties: those who have a weak interest in the ISMS and its outcomes, regardless of their influence

In scenario 5, the HR manager of Operaze belongs to the category of negatively influenced interested parties, because he/she perceives that the ISMS will create more paperwork and documentation for the HR Department, and therefore opposes its implementation and operation. The HR manager does not benefit from the ISMS and does not support its objectives and requirements.

[:, ISO/IEC 27001:2013, clause 4.2: Understanding the needs and expectations of interested parties, ISO/IEC 27001:2013, Annex A.18.1.4: Assessment of and decision on information security events, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 2: Introduction to Information Security Management System (ISMS) concepts as required by ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 4: Planning the ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 6: Implementing the ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 7: Performance evaluation, monitoring and measurement of the ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 8: Continual improvement of the ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 9: Preparing for the ISMS certification audit, , ]

Question 76

Scenario 7: InfoSec is a multinational corporation headquartered in Boston, MA, which provides professional electronics, gaming, and entertainment services. After facing numerous information security incidents, InfoSec has decided to establish teams and implement measures to prevent potential incidents in the future

Emma, Bob. and Anna were hired as the new members of InfoSec's information security team, which consists of a security architecture team, an incident response team (IRT) and a forensics team Emma's job is to create information security plans, policies, protocols, and training to prepare InfoSec to respond to incidents effectively Emma and Bob would be full-time employees of InfoSec, whereas Anna was contracted as an external consultant.

Bob, a network expert, will deploy a screened subnet network architecture This architecture will isolate the demilitarized zone (OMZ) to which hosted public services are attached and InfoSec's publicly accessible resources from their private network Thus, InfoSec will be able to block potential attackers from causing unwanted events inside the company's network. Bob is also responsible for ensuring that a thorough evaluation of the nature of an unexpected event is conducted, including the details on how the event happened and what or whom it might affect.

Anna will create records of the data, reviews, analysis, and reports in order to keep evidence for the purpose of disciplinary and legal action, and use them to prevent future incidents. To do the work accordingly, she should be aware of the company's information security incident management policy beforehand

Among others, this policy specifies the type of records to be created, the place where they should be kept, and the format and content that specific record types should have.

Based on scenario 7. InfoSec contracted Anna as an external consultant. Based on her tasks, is this action compliant with ISO/IEC 27001°

Options:

No, the skills of incident response or forensic analysis shall be developed internally

Yes, forensic investigation may be conducted internally or by using external consultants

Yes, organizations must use external consultants for forensic investigation, as required by the standard

Question 77

Among others, this policy specifies the type of records to be created, the place where they should be kept, and the format and content that specific record types should have.

According to scenario 7, a demilitarized zone (DMZ) is deployed within InfoSec's network. What type of control has InfoSec implemented in this case?

Options:

Detective

Preventive

Corrective

Question 78

Question:

According to ISO/IEC 27001 controls, why should the use of privileged utility programs be restricted and tightly controlled?

Options:

To ensure that utility programs are compatible with existing system software

To prevent misuse of utility programs that could override system and application controls

To enable the correlation and analysis of security-related events

Question 79

Scenario 7: Yefund, an insurance Company headquartered in Monaco, is a reliable name in Commerce, industry, and Corporate services. With a rich history spanning decades, Yefund has consistently delivered

tailored insurance solutions to businesses of all sizes. safeguarding their assets and mitigating risks. As a forward-thinking company, Yetund recognizes the importance of information security in protecting

sensitive data and maintaining the trust Of Its clients. Thus, has embarked on a transformative journey towards implemenung an ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001-

iS implementing cutting-edge Al technologies within its ISMS to improve the identification and management Of information assets, Through Al. is automating the identification Of assets. tracking

changes over time. and strategically selecting controls based on asset sensitivity and exposure. This proactive approach ensures that Yefund remains agile and adaptive in safeguarding critical information assets

against emerging threats. Although Yetund recognized the urgent need to enhance its security posture, the implementation team took a gradual approach to integrate each ISMS element- Rather than waiting for

an official launch, they carefully tested and validated security controls, gradually putting each element into operational mode as it was completed and approved. This methodical process ensured that critical

security measures, such as encryption protocols. access controls. and monitoring systems. were fully operational and effective in safeguarding customer information, including personal. policy, and financial

details.

Recently. Kian. a member of Vefund's information security team. identified two security events. Upon evaluation. one reported incident did not meet the criteria to be classified as such- However, the second

incident. involving critical network components experiencing downtime. raised concerns about potential risks to sensitive data security and was therefore categorized as an incident. The first event was recorded

as a report without further action, whereas the second incident prompted a series Of actions, including investigation. containment, eradication, recovery. resolution, closure, incident reporting, and post-incident

activities. Additionally. IRTS were established to address the events according to their Categorization.

After the incident. Yetund recognized the development of internal communication protocols as the single need to improve their ISMS framework It determined the relevance of communication aspects such as

what, when, with whom. and how to Communicate effectively Yefund decided to focus On developing internal communication protocols, reasoning that internal coordination their most immediate priority. This

decision was made despite having external stakeholders. such as clients and regulatory bodies. who also required secure and timely communication.

Additionally, Yefund has prioritized the professional development Of its employees through comprehensive training programs, Yefund assessed the effectiveness and impact Of its training initiatives through

Kirkpatrick's four-level training evaluation model. From measuring trainees' involvement and impressions of the training (Level 1) to evaluating learning outcomes (Level 2), post-training behavior (Level 3), and

tangible results (Level 4), Yefund ensures that Its training programs ate holistic. impactful. and aligned With organizational objectives.

Yefund•s journey toward implementing an ISMS reflects a commitment to security, innovation, and continuous improvement, By leveraging technology, fostering a culture Of proactive vigilance, enhancing

communication ptotOCOlS, and investing in employee development. Yefund seeks to fortify its position as a trusted partner in safeguarding the interests Of its Clients and stakeholders.

According to Scenario 7, is Yefund using AI accordingly to plan the ISMS?

Options:

No, AI is not involved in identifying information assets or recognizing potential threats

No, AI assists in ISMS planning by providing sample policies and training materials through virtual assistants

Yes, AI automates the identification of information assets, tracks the changes over time, and selects controls based on asset sensitivity and exposure

Question 80

Org Y. a well-known bank, uses an online banking platform that enables clients to easily and securely access their bank accounts. To log in. clients are required to enter the one-time authorization code sent to their smartphone. What can be concluded from this scenario?

Options:

Org Y has implemented an integrity control that avoids the involuntary corruption of data

Org Y has incorrectly implemented a security control that could become a vulnerability

Org Y has implemented a security control that ensures the confidentiality of information

Question 81

Question:

Which statement best describes an organization that has achieved the “Defined” maturity level?

Options:

The organization has implemented some processes, but there is no standardized procedure

The organization has fully automated and integrated its workflows for continuous improvement

The organization has standardized, documented, and communicated its procedures through training sessions

Question 82

Upon the risk assessment outcomes. Socket Inc. decided to:

• Require the use of passwords with at least 12 characters containing uppercase and lowercase letters, symbols, and numbers

• Require the change of passwords at least once every 60 days

• Keep backup copies of files on IT-provided network drives

• Assign users to a separate network when they have access to cloud storage files storing customers' personal data.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

Which of the following options indicate that Socket Inc. used risk modification to treat risks?

Options:

Conducting a risk assessment before deciding to use third-party services

Requiring the change of passwords at least once every 60 days

Storing customers' personal data in a cloud-based storage

Question 83

According to ISO/IEC 27001 controls, why should the use of privileged utility programs be restricted and tightly controlled?

Options:

To ensure that utility programs are compatible with existing system software

To prevent misuse of utility programs that could override system and application controls

To enable the correlation and analysis of security-related events

Question 84

Based on scenario 5. which committee should Operaze create to ensure the smooth running of the ISMS?

Options:

Information security committee

Management committee

Operational committee

Question 85

Based on this scenario, answer the following question:

Does InfoSec adhere to the requirements of ISO/IEC 27001 when conducting information security risk assessments?

Options:

Yes, it adhered to ISO/IEC 27001 requirements

No, as it should perform them at planned intervals as well

No, as it should perform them twice a year, regardless of significant changes

Question 86

Scenario 1: NobleFind is an online retailer specializing in high-end, custom-design furniture. The company offers a wide range of handcrafted pieces tailored to meet the needs of residential and commercial clients. NobleFind also provides expert design consultation services. Despite NobleFind's efforts to keep its online shop platform secure, the company faced persistent issues, including a recent data breach. These ongoing challenges disrupted normal operations and underscored the need for enhanced security measures. The designated IT team quickly responded to resolve the problem. To address these issues, NobleFind decided to implement an Information Security Management System (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 to improve security, protect customer data, and ensure the stability of its services.

In addition to its commitment to information security, NobleFind focuses on maintaining the accuracy and completeness of its product data. This is ensured by carefully managing version control, checking information regularly, enforcing strict access policies, and implementing backup procedures. Moreover, product details and customer designs are accessible only to authorized individuals, with security measures such as multi-factor authentication and data access policies.

NobleFind has implemented an incident investigation process within its ISMS, as part of its comprehensive approach to information security. Additionally, it has established record retention policies to ensure that online information about each product and client information remains readily accessible and usable on demand for authorized entities. NobleFind established an information security policy offering clear guidelines for safeguarding historical data. It also insisted that personnel sign confidentiality agreements and were committed to recruiting only qualified individuals. Additionally, NobleFind implemented measures for monitoring the resources used by its systems, reviewing user access rights, and conducting a thorough analysis of audit logs to swiftly identify and address any security anomalies.

With its ISMS in place, NobleFind maintains and safeguards documented information, encompassing a wide range of data, records, and specifications. This documented information is vital to its operations, ensuring the security and integrity of customer data, historical records, and financial information.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question.

Which information security principle was impacted during the service interruption that NobleFind experienced?

Options:

Confidentiality

Integrity

Availability

Non-repudiation

Answer:

Explanation:

The principle that was impacted during the service interruption at NobleFind is Availability.

According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, information security is built upon three core principles, known as the CIA Triad:

Confidentiality: Ensuring that information is accessible only to those authorized to have access.

Integrity: Safeguarding the accuracy and completeness of information and processing methods.

Availability: Ensuring that authorized users have access to information and associated assets when required.

A service interruption directly affects the availability of information and services. This is explicitly supported by ISO/IEC 27001:2022 in Annex A, control A.8.14 "Redundancy of information processing facilities," which emphasizes the need to ensure that information and assets are available when needed. Moreover, Clause 6.1.2(c)1 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022 highlights the necessity to identify risks associated with the loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability within the scope of the ISMS. A disruption in the normal operation, such as the service interruption faced by NobleFind, constitutes a breach of the availability principle.

Reference Extracts:

“apply the information security risk assessment process to identify risks associated with the loss of confidentiality, integrity and availability for information within the scope of the information security management system…”— ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Clause 6.1.2 (c)1.

"availability: property of being accessible and usable upon demand by an authorized entity"— ISO/IEC 27000:2018, 3.7 (as referenced in ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Section 3 Terms and definitions).

"A disruption is an incident... that causes an unplanned negative deviation from the expected delivery of products and services according to an organization’s objectives."— ISO/IEC 27002:2022, 3.1.9 Disruption.

A service interruption that affects customer access or company operations is thus a classic example of an availability incident.

[References:, ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Clause 6.1.2(c)1, ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Section 3 Terms and Definitions, ISO/IEC 27002:2022, 3.1.9 Disruption, ISO/IEC 27000:2018 (vocabulary referenced by ISO/IEC 27001:2022), ]

Question 87

How does SunDee's negligence affect the ISMS certificate? Refer to scenario 8.

Options:

SunDee will renew the ISMS certificate, because it has conducted an Internal audit to evaluate the ISMS effectiveness

SunDee might not be able to renew the ISMS certificate, because it has not conducted management reviews at planned intervals

SunDee might not be able to renew the ISMS certificate, because the internal audit lasted longer than planned

Answer:

Explanation:

According to ISO/IEC 27001:2013, clause 9.3, the top management of an organization must review the ISMS at planned intervals to ensure its continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness. The management review must consider the status of actions from previous management reviews, changes in external and internal issues, the performance and effectiveness of the ISMS, feedback from interested parties, results of risk assessment and treatment, and opportunities for continual improvement. The management review must also result in decisions and actions related to the ISMS policy and objectives, resources, risks and opportunities, and improvement. The management review is a critical process that demonstrates the commitment and involvement of the top management in the ISMS and its alignment with the strategic direction of the organization. The management review also provides input for the internal audit and the certification audit.

SunDee has neglected to conduct management reviews regularly, which means that it has not fulfilled the requirement of clause 9.3. This is a major nonconformity that could jeopardize the renewal of the ISMS certificate. The certification body will verify whether SunDee has conducted management reviews and whether they have been effective and documented. If SunDee cannot provide evidence of management reviews, it will have to take corrective actions and undergo a follow-up audit before the certificate can be renewed. Alternatively, the certification body may decide to suspend or withdraw the certificate if SunDee fails to address the nonconformity within a specified time frame.

[:, ISO/IEC 27001:2013, Information technology — Security techniques — Information security management systems — Requirements, clause 9.3, PECB, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 9: Performance evaluation, measurement, and monitoring of an ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001, PECB, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Exam Preparation Guide, Section 9: Performance evaluation, measurement, and monitoring of an ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001, ]

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